Lysine, an essential α-amino acid, serves as a vital component of polypeptides and is indispensable for numerous physiological functions. Since lysine is not endogenously synthesized by humans or animals, dietary intake is required. Due to their distinctive chemical and biological properties, lysine and its esters have extensive applications across several sectors, including animal nutrition, pharmaceutical manufacturing, and functional food production. The customs clearance process for these products, considering their health and safety sensitivities, necessitates specialized knowledge and precision.
Principal Applications of Lysine and Its Esters
Lysine and its esters function as crucial precursors in the synthesis of products in several key industries:
Animal Feed Industry: Lysine serves as an essential additive in animal feed formulations, promoting enhanced growth and productivity. This amino acid facilitates improved protein bioavailability and immunological fortification in livestock, thereby optimizing feed efficiency and reducing costs.
Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Supplement Industry: Lysine is a core constituent in the formulation of dietary supplements for both humans and animals, particularly for augmenting immune function, promoting tissue repair, and enhancing general health. Its inclusion in therapeutic regimens underscores its role in anabolic and catabolic processes.
Food Industry: In the food sector, lysine is integrated as a fundamental supplement in the production of protein-enriched consumables and fortified beverages. It plays a significant role in maintaining nitrogen equilibrium and contributing to overall metabolic health.
Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industry: Lysine esters are exploited as chemical intermediates in the synthesis of various pharmaceuticals. These derivatives are utilized to enhance drug bioavailability and efficacy, serving as key components in numerous drug formulations.
Customs Tariff (HS Code) for Lysine and Its Esters
The customs tariff for lysine and its esters is determined by their classification under chemical and pharmaceutical product categories. The HS codes for lysine and its esters are as follows:
HS Code for Lysine: 29224100, categorized under simple amino acids.
HS Code for Lysine Esters: Lysine esters are classified within different chemical and pharmaceutical subcategories, depending on their specific type and chemical structure. It is essential to reference the appropriate HS codes for customs clearance of these esters.
Special Considerations for Import and Export of Lysine and Its Esters
The import and export of lysine and its esters to and from Iran and other countries require stringent adherence to regulatory frameworks and the acquisition of specific permits due to their unique properties and diverse industrial applications. These processes are conducted in compliance with international and domestic standards. The key conditions include:
1. Health and Safety Permits
For lysine imports into Iran, securing health and safety permits from relevant authorities such as the Veterinary Organization, the Ministry of Health, and the National Standards Organization of Iran is mandatory. These permits certify that the imported lysine complies with domestic health and quality standards, deeming it fit for use in animal feed or pharmaceutical formulations.
2. Food and Drug Administration Permits
For lysine and its esters intended for pharmaceutical purposes, permits from the Food and Drug Administration are essential. These permits confirm that the products meet established pharmaceutical quality and safety standards, thereby ensuring public health.
3. Primary Exporting Nations of Lysine
Lysine is predominantly imported into Iran from China, the United States, Germany, and the Netherlands, which are globally recognized as major lysine producers. China, as the largest producer and exporter of lysine, serves as the primary supplier for Iran and numerous other countries. Germany and the United States also maintain a leading position in the production of high-quality lysine, exporting to various nations, including Iran.
4. Lysine Exports from Iran
Currently, lysine exports from Iran are minimal, primarily due to significant domestic demand, particularly within the livestock and poultry sectors. However, advancements in the Iranian chemical and feed industries may provide future opportunities for lysine export.
Import and Export Volumes of Lysine
1. Imports to Iran
Iran is a significant importer of lysine, with annual imports reaching thousands of tons, primarily for the animal feed sector. This volume reflects the critical dependence of livestock production on lysine to enhance nutritional efficacy and boost productivity in meat and animal-derived products.
2. Global Lysine Exports
Globally, lysine production and exports reach millions of tons annually. China, as the preeminent producer and exporter, dominates international lysine trade. European nations such as Germany and the Netherlands, utilizing advanced production technologies, also rank among the largest exporters.
Major Global Exporters and Importers of Lysine
1. Major Exporters
China: Holding the largest production capacity worldwide, China is the leading supplier of lysine.
United States: The United States, as a technologically advanced lysine producer, contributes substantially to global demand.
Germany and the Netherlands: These European countries are prominent players in the global lysine market, supplying high-quality products.
2. Major Importers
Iran: As a major regional importer, Iran sources lysine from leading global producers to meet domestic needs.
Brazil: Due to its extensive livestock sector, Brazil is a significant importer of lysine.
Russia: Another country with substantial lysine import requirements due to its large-scale feed needs.
India: With a growing animal feed industry, India is also a notable importer of lysine.
Documentation Required for Customs Clearance of Lysine and Its Esters
The customs clearance of lysine and its esters necessitates comprehensive documentation and adherence to regulatory requirements. Each document plays a crucial role in verifying the product's authenticity, ensuring compliance with quality standards, and expediting the customs process. Proper and accurate submission of these documents facilitates a smoother clearance process, minimizing delays and mitigating potential complications.
1. Commercial Invoice
The commercial invoice contains critical information regarding the product and the transaction between the seller and the buyer. Typically, this document includes:
Product name and specifications (lysine or its esters)
Quantity and weight of the shipment
Unit price and total value
Terms of sale and payment method
Buyer and seller details
This invoice assists customs officials in determining the value of the goods, which is instrumental in calculating applicable customs duties.
2. Bill of Lading
The bill of lading, issued by the carrier, serves as a document of title and a contract of carriage. It contains details such as:
Name and address of the consignor and consignee
Number and type of packages
Mode of transportation (land, air, or sea). This document is also essential for tracking the shipment throughout transit and ensuring its delivery.
3. Health Certificate
A health certificate is mandatory for the importation of lysine and its esters, especially when these substances are intended for human or animal consumption (e.g., animal feed). This certificate, issued by the competent health authorities in the country of origin, certifies conformity with health and safety standards.
4. Certificate of Analysis
The certificate of analysis provides detailed results of the chemical and physical testing performed on the product by accredited laboratories. This certificate is crucial for confirming that the product meets quality standards appropriate for use in the intended industry.
5. Certificate of Origin
Issued by the chamber of commerce in the country of origin, the certificate of origin confirms the product's manufacturing location. This document is significant for determining applicable customs duties and verifying compliance with trade agreements.
6. Health and Safety Permits
Health and safety permits are required for importing lysine and its esters, particularly when intended for pharmaceutical or animal feed applications. These permits, issued by organizations such as the Food and Drug Administration or the National Standards Organization, guarantee that the product meets the requisite safety and quality standards.
7. Customs Declaration
The customs declaration is a core document for customs clearance, prepared by the importer or customs broker and submitted to customs authorities. It contains detailed information on the goods, their value, quantity, and other essential specifics. Accurate and thorough submission of this information is critical for determining customs duties and facilitating a streamlined clearance process.
8. Order Registration Certificate
For importing chemical products like lysine, an order registration certificate must be obtained from the Ministry of Industry, Mine, and Trade. This certificate verifies the importer's authorization to import the product and that the order is officially registered in the nation's trade systems.
Special Customs Clearance Services by Saba Customs Brokerage
Saba Customs Brokerage, with extensive expertise in customs clearance procedures in Iran, is recognized as a leading provider of specialized customs services. The company, supported by a proficient team, manages the import and export processes of various products, including lysine and its esters, with strict adherence to international standards. Key services provided include:
Provision of Specialized Customs Consultation: Saba Customs Brokerage offers expert guidance on customs laws and regulations, assisting clients comprehensively throughout the import and export process.
Monitoring Customs Procedures and Expedited Clearance: From the arrival of goods at customs to their final delivery, the entire process is closely monitored, ensuring that clearance is accomplished as efficiently as possible.
Acquisition of Necessary Permits: The company facilitates the acquisition of all requisite health and safety permits from relevant authorities, including the Food and Drug Administration and other regulatory bodies.
Optimization of Clearance Costs: Leveraging its considerable experience, the company provides optimal strategies to reduce customs-related expenses and streamline import and export operations.
Secure and Timely Transportation: Upon completion of customs clearance, goods are delivered to their destination using a reliable transportation network.
The utilization of services from Saba Customs Brokerage not only accelerates the clearance process and reduces costs but also guarantees full compliance with customs regulations.
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